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Students Thinking Sustainable Concrete
by William D. Palmer, Jr.
September 1, 2007

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“Concrete and Straw: Fusion” by Daniel Lamp, University of Maryland, took top honors in the “Concrete Thinking for a Sustainable World” competition.



Beginning in 2006, the Portland Cement Association (PCA) teamed up with the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) to sponsor a student design competition: “Concrete Thinking for a Sustainable World.” The competition drew nearly 200 entries — a total of 267 students from 41 universities and 14 countries participated.

The top prize went to a project called "Concrete and Straw: Fusion" by Daniel Lamp, a University of Maryland architecture student. Lamp envisioned a building for the Missouri Agricultural Export Alliance that would combine concrete and wheat straw bales, taking advantage of the strengths of each material. By building a composite wall with a structural concrete core, straw insulation, then a concrete skin, Lamp proposed to create an energy-efficient structure. For roof joists and columns, where straw bales themselves were not feasible, the concept was to use straw bales as formwork so that the resulting structural members retain a straw-like texture.



The judges selected second place winner Janie Kronk, Clemson University, for a concept of creating pre-cast concrete panels that could be used as a matrix for growing plants on the exterior of a building.

“The sustainable solution is Fusion,” wrote Lamp in his winning entry. “Two materials have the same goal; to make an efficient, sustainable structure. The materials complement the other in achieving this goal.”

The judges selected for second place a concept of creating pre-cast concrete panels that could be used as a matrix for growing plants on the exterior of a building. Janie Kronk from Clemson University envisioned her "Green Façade" as the exterior of a multistory Southern Agricultural Museum. The panels would be cast using a heavily textured polyethylene sheeting form that would create openings into the panels. Plants would be grown in the openings, then the growing panels would be attached to the building. Windows in the building would allow access to the green façade and views of the root structure. “Planted panels become a laboratory of growth, sustaining knowledge of local plants and agriculture,” wrote Kronk. “A place of agricultural memory and education, the museum building becomes a living exhibit and demonstration.”

Chosen for third place is a proposed bus terminal with a concrete roof reminiscent of the Dulles Airport terminal. Matthew Richardson of Morgan State University, however, would incorporate light-transmitting fiber optics into the concrete (called Litracon by its inventor) and would lay out the reinforcing steel mimicking the rib pattern of a lily pad. “My design also anticipates night lighting the slab as a luminous body by casting LED lighting into the center of the slab with a complementary set of optical glass fibers,” writes Richardson.

Honorable mentions went to students at the University of Utah, Clemson University, and the Israeli Institute of Technology. Nearly $40,000 in cash and PCA concrete design software was awarded to the winning students and their schools.

The 2007 competition has been expanded into two categories, components and complete structures. Winners were announced late summer.

“The future success of sustainable development rests on a solid understanding of fundamentals and innovative applications by aspiring young architects,” said David Shepherd, PCA director of sustainable development. “PCA sponsored this ACSA competition with a focus on sustainability to help bridge that gap.”



Resources for Sustainable Concrete Design and Construction

A proposed bus terminal with a concrete roof by Matthew Richardson, Morgan State University, earned third prize.

AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE (WWW.CONCRETE.ORG): DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION PUBLICATIONS FROM THE INDUSTRY-LEADING TECHNICAL SOCIETY

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CONCRETE CONTRACTORS (WWW.ASCCONLINE.ORG) THE BEST CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR CONCRETE

AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE PRODUCTS ASSOCIATION (WWW.AACPA.ORG): TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND PHOTOS OF AAC BUILDINGS.

CONCRETE THINKER (WWW.CONCRETETHINKER.ORG): PCA’S SITE ON CONCRETE’S SUSTAINABILITY HAS A VAST LIBRARY OF VALUABLE RESOURCES

CONCRETE BUILDINGS (WWW.CONCRETEBUILDINGS.ORG): INFORMATION ON TILT-UP AND ICF CONSTRUCTION

CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION AND RESIDENTIAL CONCRETE MAGAZINES (WWW.CONCRETECONSTRUCTION.NET): EXTENSIVE ARCHIVES ON CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION

CONCRETE HOMES WEBSITE (WWW.CONCRETEHOMES.COM): PCA’S RESIDENTIAL WEBSITE INCLUDING THE CONCRETE HOMES NEWSLETTER

CONCRETE HOMES COUNCIL (THROUGH THE CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS ASSOCIATION, WWW.CFAWALLS.ORG): INFORMATION ON CAST-IN PLACE REMOVABLE FORM CONCRETE HOUSING

CONCRETE HOMES MAGAZINE (WWW.CONCRETEHOMESMAGAZINE.COM)

CONCRETE NETWORK (WWW.CONCRETENETWORK.COM): BUILDER REFERRALS AND EXTENSIVE INFORMATION ON DECORATIVE CONCRETE

INSULATING CONCRETE FORMS ASSOCIATION (WWW.FORMS.ORG): INFORMATION ON ICF MATERIALS, DESIGN, AND CONSTRUCTION

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF HOMEBUILDERS (WWW.NAHB.ORG): ACCESS THROUGH THE BUILDING SYSTEMS COUNCIL TO THE CONCRETE HOME BUILDING COUNCIL AND ITS NEWSLETTER

NATIONAL CONCRETE MASONRY ASSOCIATION (WWW.NCMA.ORG): RESOURCES ON CONCRETE BLOCK DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

NATIONAL READY-MIXED CONCRETE ASSOCIATION (WWW.NRMCA.ORG): EXTENSIVE INFORMATION AND BACKGROUND RESOURCES ON CONCRETE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

PORTLAND CEMENT ASSOCIATION (WWW.CEMENT.ORG): RESOURCES ON EVERY TYPE OF CONCRETE APPLICATION INCLUDING COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS, HOMES AND PAVEMENT

PRECAST/PRESTRESSED CONCRETE INSTITUTE (WWW.PCI.ORG): EVERYTHING ABOUT FACTORY PRODUCED PRECAST CONCRETE

TILT-UP CONCRETE ASSOCIATION (WWW.TILT-UP.ORG): DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION INFORMATION ON TILT-UP BUILDINGS





William D. Palmer, Jr.
William D. Palmer Jr. is a construction writer and president of Complete Construction Consultants in Lyons, Colo. He was formerly editor in chief of Concrete Construction magazine and executive director of The Masonry Society. He writes a blog that appears regularly on the Concrete Network.


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